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Banff is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Banff is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Banff is a previous royal burgh, and also is the county town of the historic county of Banffshire. Banff’s very first castle was developed to repel Viking intruders as well as a charter of 1163 AD shows that Malcolm IV was living there back then. Throughout this duration the town was a hectic trading centre in the “free hanse” of Northern Scottish burghs, in spite of not having its own harbour up until 1775. The first documented Sheriff of Banff was Richard de Strathewan in 1264, as well as in 1372 Royal Burgh condition was conferred by King Robert II. By the 15th century Banff was one of 3 major communities exporting salmon to the continent of Europe, together with Aberdeen and Montrose. There was a large amount of lawlessness in seventeenth-century Scotland, as well as several of the worst culprits were members of the nobility. According to records maintained by historian William Cramond, the tolbooth (court house and prison) of Banff was, in 1628, the website of an altercation between Lord Banff and James Ogilvie, his loved one. Apparently, he struck James Ogilvie upon the head with a baton during a court hearing. Twenty of his good friends as well as fans after that assaulted Ogilvie with swords prior to chasing him into the street and completing him off with a handgun shot. Banff and also Macduff are separated by the valley of the River Deveron. This unforeseeable river was ultimately tamed by the 7 curved bridge finished in 1779 by John Smeaton. An earlier bridge had actually been constructed in 1765, however was swept away in 1768. The old ferryboat was revived right into usage, up until it was lost in a flood in 1773. A public meeting was kept in 1800 and passed a resolution for the building of a turnpike road in between Turiff as well as Banff as the existing roadway remained in a depressing state of repair service. Later on 19th century transport renovations consisted of the building of two railway lines, from Macduff to Turiff in 1860 and also the Banff, Portsoy and Strathisla Railway in 1859 which attached to the major Aberdeen to Inverness line. Throughout the 19th Century the Banff Fishery District (making up the ports from Crovie to Sandend) was important to the herring profession, with production peaking in 1853 at greater than sixty-thousand barrels, of which nearly thirty-four thousand were exported, nonetheless by 1912 manufacturing had decreased to just over eight thousand barrels. Currently, the languages talked in the town and also in its location often tend to be the Doric language of Scots, and also English.