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Banff is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Banff is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Banff is a previous royal burgh, and is the county town of the historical area of Banffshire. Banff’s very first castle was built to ward off Viking invaders and also a charter of 1163 AD reveals that Malcolm IV was living there back then. During this period the town was an active trading centre in the “free hanse” of Northern Scottish burghs, despite not having its very own harbour until 1775. The very first recorded Sheriff of Banff was Richard de Strathewan in 1264, and also in 1372 Royal Burgh standing was given by King Robert II. By the 15th century Banff was one of three principal towns exporting salmon to the continent of Europe, together with Aberdeen and also Montrose. There was a good deal of lawlessness in seventeenth-century Scotland, and a few of the worst offenders were members of the nobility. According to records maintained by historian William Cramond, the tolbooth (courthouse and also jail) of Banff was, in 1628, the site of an altercation between Lord Banff as well as James Ogilvie, his loved one. Apparently, he struck James Ogilvie upon the head with a baton during a court hearing. Twenty of his friends as well as fans after that struck Ogilvie with swords prior to chasing him into the street and completing him off with a handgun shot. Banff as well as Macduff are divided by the valley of the River Deveron. This unpredictable river was ultimately subjugated by the seven arched bridge completed in 1779 by John Smeaton. An earlier bridge had been constructed in 1765, but was swept away in 1768. The old ferry was restored right into use, until it was lost in a flooding in 1773. A public meeting was held in 1800 as well as passed a resolution for the building of a turnpike roadway in between Turiff and also Banff as the existing roadway was in a sad state of repair work. Later 19th century transport renovations consisted of the building of two train lines, from Macduff to Turiff in 1860 as well as the Banff, Portsoy as well as Strathisla Railway in 1859 which linked to the primary Aberdeen to Inverness line. During the 19th Century the Banff Fishery District (consisting of the ports from Crovie to Sandend) was essential to the herring profession, with production peaking in 1853 at greater than sixty-thousand barrels, of which almost thirty-four thousand were exported, however by 1912 production had declined to simply over 8 thousand barrels. Presently, the languages talked in the community and in its vicinity have a tendency to be the Doric language of Scots, and English.