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Banff is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Banff is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Banff is a previous royal burgh, as well as is the county town of the historic area of Banffshire. Banff’s initial castle was built to push back Viking intruders and also a charter of 1163 AD reveals that Malcolm IV was living there during that time. During this period the community was a hectic trading centre in the “cost-free hanse” of Northern Scottish burghs, regardless of not having its own harbour until 1775. The initial recorded Sheriff of Banff was Richard de Strathewan in 1264, and in 1372 Royal Burgh standing was conferred by King Robert II. By the 15th century Banff was just one of 3 major communities exporting salmon to the continent of Europe, along with Aberdeen and also Montrose. There was a great deal of lawlessness in seventeenth-century Scotland, and also several of the most awful transgressors were members of the nobility. According to records kept by chronicler William Cramond, the tolbooth (courthouse and also jail) of Banff was, in 1628, the website of a run-in between Lord Banff and also James Ogilvie, his loved one. Reportedly, he struck James Ogilvie upon the head with a baton during a court hearing. Twenty of his pals and also fans after that attacked Ogilvie with swords prior to chasing him into the street and also completing him off with a gun shot. Banff as well as Macduff are separated by the valley of the River Deveron. This unforeseeable river was lastly subjugated by the 7 arched bridge finished in 1779 by John Smeaton. An earlier bridge had actually been built in 1765, but was swept away in 1768. The old ferryboat was revived right into usage, till it was shed in a flooding in 1773. A public meeting was kept in 1800 as well as passed a resolution for the building of a turnpike roadway in between Turiff as well as Banff as the existing roadway was in a sad state of repair. Later on 19th century transportation improvements included the building of two railway lines, from Macduff to Turiff in 1860 and the Banff, Portsoy and also Strathisla Railway in 1859 which linked to the primary Aberdeen to Inverness line. During the 19th Century the Banff Fishery District (consisting of the ports from Crovie to Sandend) was essential to the herring trade, with manufacturing coming to a head in 1853 at more than sixty-thousand barrels, of which virtually thirty-four thousand were exported, nonetheless by 1912 production had actually decreased to just over eight thousand barrels. Currently, the languages spoken in the town and also in its vicinity tend to be the Doric dialect of Scots, and English.