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Banff is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Banff is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Banff is a former royal burgh, as well as is the county town of the historic county of Banffshire. Banff’s very first castle was built to drive away Viking invaders and also a charter of 1163 AD shows that Malcolm IV was living there during that time. Throughout this duration the town was a busy trading centre in the “totally free hanse” of Northern Scottish burghs, regardless of not having its very own harbour up until 1775. The initial taped Sheriff of Banff was Richard de Strathewan in 1264, and also in 1372 Royal Burgh condition was provided by King Robert II. By the 15th century Banff was among three principal towns exporting salmon to the continent of Europe, along with Aberdeen and Montrose. There was a lot of lawlessness in seventeenth-century Scotland, and also some of the most awful transgressors were participants of the nobility. According to documents kept by chronicler William Cramond, the tolbooth (court house and jail) of Banff was, in 1628, the site of an altercation in between Lord Banff as well as James Ogilvie, his loved one. Reportedly, he struck James Ogilvie upon the head with a baton during a court hearing. Twenty of his friends and followers after that assaulted Ogilvie with swords before chasing him into the street and also finishing him off with a handgun shot. Banff and also Macduff are divided by the valley of the River Deveron. This uncertain river was finally tamed by the seven arched bridge completed in 1779 by John Smeaton. An earlier bridge had actually been integrated in 1765, however was swept away in 1768. The old ferry was brought back right into use, up until it was lost in a flood in 1773. A public meeting was held in 1800 and passed a resolution for the building of a turnpike roadway between Turiff and also Banff as the existing road remained in a sad state of fixing. Later on 19th century transport enhancements included the structure of two train lines, from Macduff to Turiff in 1860 and also the Banff, Portsoy and Strathisla Train in 1859 which connected to the primary Aberdeen to Inverness line. Throughout the 19th Century the Banff Fishery District (making up the ports from Crovie to Sandend) was important to the herring trade, with manufacturing peaking in 1853 at more than sixty-thousand barrels, of which almost thirty-four thousand were exported, nevertheless by 1912 production had actually decreased to just over eight thousand barrels. Presently, the languages spoken in the community and also in its location have a tendency to be the Doric language of Scots, as well as English.